Core records

Engagements

Engagement is where the money goes. Every gift, every dues payment, every pledge and sponsorship lands here, separated by record type. What sits either side of it is what trips people up: designations say where the money was directed, and memberships are one of the benefits it buys.

Engagement

One object for everything with an amount on it

Record types — always check which one you are looking at
Donation
Membership
Pledge
Sponsorship
In-kind

a gift · dues paid · a promise · an event or program · goods, not cash

What each record type means

1

Donation

A straightforward gift. The one most people mean when they say "a gift". Carries the amount, the date, the appeal it came from, and how it arrived.

The default fundraising record
2

Membership

Dues paid, linked back to the Membership term it covers. Not a gift. Including these in fundraising totals is the most common reporting mistake here — it inflates giving with what is really subscription income.

Dues, not philanthropy
3

Pledge

A promise to give, paid off over time. The pledge record holds the total and the schedule; the payments against it are separate Engagements pointing back at it as their parent. Counting both the pledge and its payments double-counts the money.

Parent record — payments hang beneath it
4

Sponsorship

Support for an event or a program, usually from an organization. Often credited to the Account rather than an individual, so look at the Organization field as well as the contact.

Usually an organization gives this
5

In-kind Gift

Goods or services rather than money — donated equipment, professional time, auction items. It carries a value so it can be acknowledged and recognized, but no cash ever arrives. Keep it out of anything measuring revenue.

Has a value, but no cash

Where the money actually went

An Engagement records that money arrived. A Designation records what it was for. One gift can be split across several purposes by amount or by percentage, which is exactly why fund totals cannot be taken from Engagement amounts.

Engagement ONE GIFT · $1,000 Designation $600 · 60% Designation $300 · 30% Designation $100 · 10% Fund or Program THE PURPOSE

One thousand dollars, three purposes. The Engagement says $1,000 arrived. Only the designations say who gets credited for what.

If somebody asks what a fund raised, the answer comes from designations. Add up Engagement amounts instead and every split gift gets credited in full to whichever fund happens to be listed first.

Status

Status tells you where the money stands. Committed means promised; Completed means received. Everything else is a way of not happening.

StatusWhat it means
CommittedPromised, not yet in the bank
CompletedReceived and good
FailedPayment was attempted and did not go through
CancelledCalled off before it was paid
Written OffGiven up on — usually an unpaid pledge
Fully RefundedReceived, then returned
Most reporting wants Completed only. A total that quietly includes Committed is a forecast, not income — make sure everyone reading it knows which one you handed them.

The other fields worth knowing

1

Appeal

Which campaign or mailing the money came in response to. This is what lets anyone measure whether an appeal was worth running, so it is worth getting right even when it feels like admin.

How we know what worked
2

Posted to Accounting

A flag and a date showing the record has been reconciled against the books. Once set, the Engagement has been counted somewhere outside Salesforce. Do not change amounts or dates after this point — raise it instead.

Posted means locked in practice
3

Solicitor and Memorial

Who brought the gift in, and whether it was given in memory or in honor of somebody. Both matter enormously for the letter that goes out afterwards, and neither affects the amount.

Drives acknowledgement, not accounting
4

Check Number and Receipt Number

The paper trail. Check number ties a gift to the physical check in a batch; receipt number ties it to what the donor was sent. When finance or a donor queries something, these are what resolve it.

How queries get answered
5

Fiscal Year and Fiscal Month

Which reporting period the money belongs to. Not always the same cut as the engagement date, so a report grouped by calendar date and one grouped by fiscal year can legitimately disagree.

Not the same as the calendar date
6

Membership link

On a dues payment this points at the Membership term the money bought. It is the thread between the money and the benefit — follow it in either direction to connect what somebody paid with what they got.

The link from money to benefit

Good to know

Filter by record type or your numbers are wrong

Because dues, gifts, pledges and in-kind all live together, an unfiltered total is a meaningless mixture of subscription income, philanthropy, promises and donated goods. Before you quote any Engagement figure, be able to say which record types are in it.

This is the single most useful habit in this module. If you take nothing else: check the record type filter.

The Engagement is the money; the Membership is the benefit

Dues do not live on the Membership record. The Membership says what somebody is entitled to and until when; the Engagement says what they paid for it. Keeping them apart is what lets a membership be extended, adjusted or canceled without anybody rewriting financial history.

Pledges and their payments are different records

A pledge is a promise with a total on it. The payments against it are separate Engagements naming it as parent. Any report including both is double-counting — decide whether you are measuring what was promised or what has arrived, and filter accordingly.

Once it is posted to accounting, leave it alone

Engagements carry a flag showing they have been posted to the accounting system, along with the date it happened. After that point the record has been reconciled against the books. Changing an amount or a date afterwards puts Salesforce and finance out of step, and somebody has to unpick it. If a posted record is wrong, raise it rather than editing it.

A gift can be split across funds

Designations hang off an Engagement and divide it between purposes — part to one fund, part to another. If you are asking what a fund raised, you want the designations, not the Engagement amounts, or you will credit the whole gift to whichever fund happens to be listed first.

Soft credits are recognition, not income

A soft credit records that somebody influenced a gift they did not personally write the check for — a spouse, a board member who made the introduction, the person behind a family foundation. It matters enormously for stewardship and counts for nothing in revenue. Never add soft credits to hard totals.

Matching gifts are separate records

When an employer matches a gift, the match is its own Engagement flagged as a matching gift, pointing back at the original. Both are real money and both count — but they are two records, and the donor did not personally give the combined figure. Be careful about that when writing to them.